Karakteristik Kecepatan Aliran Di Dekat Dasar Pintu Peluapan Bawah (Sluice Gate)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.pengairan.2020.011.01.07Keywords:
aliran bebas, aliran terendam, pintu air, vena kontraktaAbstract
Pintu air berfungsi sebagai pengatur aliran air yang berfungsi untuk mengendalikan debit, muka air dan monitoring debit. Aliran air yang mengalir melalui pintu dapat dalam kondisi aliran bebas maupun aliran terendam yang tergantung dari kedalaman tailwater. Karakteristik aliran yang mengalir melalui pintu air berdasarkan persamaan keseimbangan energi dan momentum, yang tergantung dari tekanan, kecepatan dan kedalaman air yang berada di hulu /hilir pintu air. Hidrolika pintu air terutama pada kondisi aliran bebas sangat dinamis, termasuk profil muka air, gaya yang terjadi pada pintu, atau distribusi pintu bagian bawah, yang banyak diabaikan. Terdapat beberapa pengembangan rumus dasar dari aliran yang mengalir melalui pintu air, terutama pada pengembangan vena kontrakta. Vena kontrakta akan menghasilkan nilai dari koefisein debit (Cd) dan koefisien kontraksi (Cc) yang didapatkan dari rasio perhitungan metode yang sudah ada. Metode dapat juga dengan rasio pengukuran, perhitungan kejadian secara teoritis dan melalui percobaan di laboratorium. Persamaan debit melalui pintu tidak terlalu efektif bila digunakan pada kondisi bukaan pintu yang besar dan pada kondisi pintu terendam penuh.
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